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The axilla, or "arm pit", is generally identified as a pyramidal-shaped space deep to the skin, which is located between the arm and the thorax (Figure 5.1). The principle structures in the axilla are the axillary artery, axillary vein, lymph nodes, and a plexus of nerves, called the brachial plexus. Components of the brachial plexus, that is, cords and terminal branches will be identified. In addition, the three parts of the axillary artery will be identified, and the branches of each part will be studied.